In dry-pipe sprinkler systems pipelines laid in areas which are likely to be effected by frost/freezing are filled with air.
A fire-fighting pump is a centrifugal pump which is used for pumping fire-fighting water. Fire-fighting pumps can be designed for transportable use (e. g. on fire-fighting vehicles or as portable fire pumps) or for stationary use (e. g. hydrants, sprinkler systems).
The most important and most common fire-fighting systems are sprinkler systems. Sprinkler systems consist of several sprinkler heads which are connected via a piping system. Large heat automatically triggers the sprinkler heads in defined intervals to protect the rooms they are installed in. Sprinkler systems are automatic fire-fighting systems.
Fire hydrants are another type of fire-fighting system. Hydrants are activated manually. Depending on their type they are either designed for general use or for activation by fire-fighters only.
Wet-pipe sprinkler systems are the most common type of sprinkler system. In this system, the pipelines are permanently under pressure and filled with water. The fire-fighting water will be discharged immediately as soon as one or several sprinklers have been activated.
Depending on the hazard class, sprinkler systems may be required to be supplied with water from two independent sources, using either one or two fire-fighting pumps. If two pumps are used, two independent energy sources may have to be provided, depending on the applicable regulations.
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